Five myths about the partition of British India – and what really happened

Navtej K Purewal, SOAS, University of London and Eleanor Newbigin, SOAS, University of London This August marks 75 years since the partition of the Indian subcontinent. British withdrawal from the region prompted the creation of two new states, India and Pakistan. The process of transferring power grossly simplified diverse societies to make it seem like dividing social groups and drawing new borders was logical and even possible. This decision unleashed one of the biggest human migrations of the 20th century when more than ten million people fled across borders seeking safe refuge. Anniversaries can be a critical moment to pause … Continue reading Five myths about the partition of British India – and what really happened

Is the United States of America a Democracy, a Republic or an Oligarchy?

The United States is both a democracy and a republic, but the terms are not mutually exclusive. So let us break it down whether the United States a democracy or a republic: The United States a Democracy? The United States is a democracy, because, the people, hold ultimate political power. It is not a “direct democracy,” but a “representative democracy.” Representative democracy means voting in elections to choose representatives – this makes it a representative democracy, but remember the United States Constitution does not use the term “democracy.” The United States a Republic? The United States is a republic because … Continue reading Is the United States of America a Democracy, a Republic or an Oligarchy?

In 2022 Earth Starts Conquest of its Moon?

In 2022, a space race of a different sort will likely emerge, one which centres around the Moon, its resources, and who will come to control it. Heaven can’t wait One new project is known as Gateway, a lunar orbit station being constructed as part of a cooperative international effort that may serve as a ‘jumping off point’ for future missions to the Moon’s surface, such as the Artemis missions soon to be underway. Examples of the international contributions: the habitation section of the station is being built by a Franco-Italian firm associated with the European Space Agency and the … Continue reading In 2022 Earth Starts Conquest of its Moon?

Promoting Shared Values among People of Different Religions – May 11th Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

MUSLIM WORLD LEAGUE (MWL), PROMOTES COMMON VALUES AMONG PEOPLES OF ALL FAITHS The Muslim World League (MWL), has progressed the work of the League since coming under the leadership of the new Secretary-General. Dr Muhammad bin Abdul Karim Issa has … Continue reading Promoting Shared Values among People of Different Religions – May 11th Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Timbuktu manuscripts placed online are only a sliver of West Africa’s ancient archive

Charles C. Stewart, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign The ancient Timbuktu manuscripts of Mali were back in the headlines following internet giant Google’s initiative to host a collection of them at an online gallery. The images of the documents, text in Arabic, can be found at a page called Mali Magic. No place in West Africa has attracted more attention and resources than the city that has always captivated the imagination of the outside world, Timbuktu. There have been documentaries and books, academic studies and a renewed public interest since some of Timbuktu’s world heritage status buildings were damaged in … Continue reading Timbuktu manuscripts placed online are only a sliver of West Africa’s ancient archive